Brigadier General Gouverneur K. Warren, chief engineer of the Union Army, rode up the undefended hill, recognized its strategic vulnerability, and urgently diverted troops to occupy the crest just minutes before Confederate forces struck. The statue is over General Warren. (Gemini AI - Narration)
Bob Simrak Photography
Wednesday, September 02, 2026
Fences played a decisive tactical role across the battlefield during the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863. Constructed by local farmers for livestock and boundary demarcation, these structures disrupted advancing formations, channeled troop movements, and provided critical defensive cover.
Today, the National Park Service maintains tens of miles of historic fence lines to preserve the visual and tactical landscape of the 1863 battle. (Gemini AI - Narration)
Saturday, August 29, 2026
Friday, August 28, 2026
Wednesday, August 26, 2026
Monday, August 24, 2026
Visited the Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology. It would take two days to do it justice. Didn't make it to Meso-America or the Far East.
The Sphinx of Ramses II at the Penn Museum of Archaeology in Philadelphia is the largest ancient granite sphinx in the Western Hemisphere and serves as the museum's signature centerpiece.
Pharaoh Ramses II
Stele of the Code of Hammurabi (specifically a museum cast/replica, such as the one on display in the Penn Museum's Middle East Galleries). The text begins with a prologue glorifying Hammurabi's piety and conquests, transitions into 282 case-by-case legal provisions ("if a man does X, then Y shall happen" covering property, family law, trade, and physical harm—including the famous principle of lex talionis, or "an eye for an eye"), and concludes with an epilogue invoking divine blessings on future rulers who uphold the laws and curses on those who erase them. (Gemini AI)
The Ur Lament: The upstart kings of Isin lament the fall of Ur even as they present themselves as Ur's successors. City, bitter is the lament made for you! How long will it grieve the weeping Nana? ... Ur has been given over to tears! ... Where the dances of the Land once took place, people are stacked in heaps. The corpses like fat left in the sun, melted away of their own accord. ... The king of Isin's personal god brings you a greeting gift. Nanna, in your restored city may you be properly praised.
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Little Round Top is a rocky hill south of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, famous as the site of an essential Union defensive stand on July 2, 186...
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